上海市高等教育自学考试
英语专业（独立专科段）（C050207）
听力（00593）
自学考试大纲
上海外国语大学自学考试办公室编
上海市高等教育自学考试委员会组编
2017年版
I. 课程性质及其设置的目的和要求
（一）本课程的性质与设置的目的
“听力”是自学考试专科段的一门实践性考核课程，采用上海市英语口译基础能力证书考试的《基础听力教程》（第二版）作为考试指定教材。
英语听力是英语教学中五项基本技能之一。提高英语听力不仅有助于其它基本技能的发展，同时也能培养学习者的英语交际能力。
本课程是一门语言技能应用性课程，主要培养学生在语音、语调和听说训练的基础上，进一步提高英语听说能力，掌握基本听力理解技巧，达到高等学校英语专业专科段的水平。
（二）本课程的基本要求
1. 听的技能
1）能基本理解与日常生活和社会紧密联系、体现时代性和实用性的段落。
2）能逐句理解、听懂说话者的主要意思，基本听懂交际场合中各类英语会话和讲话。
2. 说的技能
要求基本掌握英语口语表达的基本技能，包括语音语调、措辞与语法、语句的连贯以及表达的流利度。
（三）与相关课程的联系
本课程同其他专业英语课程，如“口语”、“综合英语”、“英语语法”、“英语泛读”等一起使考生对英语听力有多维的认识，从词汇、语法、篇章理解等角度训练学生的听力，从而进一步提高听力理解能力。
II. 课程内容与考核目标
Unit 1
本单元要求学生主要掌握下列听力基本技能：
1. 英语数词一至十、两位数乃至三位数的读法与对应翻译。
2. 秒、分、时、日、星期、年、年代、世纪等时间上的概念及其在英语中的读法与对应翻译。
3. 英语中简单的数字计算和时间推算。
4. 熟悉听力考试中常见的数词和时间用语， 如：first（第一），second（第二），dozen（一打；十二个），one-third（三分之一），four hundred thousand（400，000 或 四十万），in one’s thirties （三十至四十岁之间）等。
Unit 2
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 系动词be的一般现在时态，如：is, are等。
2. 形容词的比较级和最高级，如：hotter, hottest; colder, coldest; drier, driest; wetter, wettest; larger, largest; smaller, smallest等。
3. 关于天气与气候的专门用语，如：temperature, average, Celsius, centigrade, rainfall, annual, millimeter (mm) 等。
4. 熟悉世界各大城市的名称，如：New York, London, Paris, Illinois, Florida,New Jersey等。
5. 熟悉英语口语里的常用动词及其用法。在听力或口译考试中，应该注意句子中动词和短语动词的用法，如：及物动词和不及物动词；带to或不带to的动词不定式；动词的-ing形式等等。力求通过语法结构、句型或上下文的关系来正确理解所听到的动词的含义。
Unit 3
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 动词的一般现在时态，如：has, is, eats, lives等。
2. 常见动物的名称，如：monkey, lion, seal, elephant, bear, giraffe, camel, squirrel, rabbit, kangaroo, giant panda, hippopotami, tiger, wolf, zebra等。
3. 动物的身体部位，如：head, neck, ears, legs, tail, eyes, coat, skin, hump, foot, pouch等。
4. 地理及地域，如：forest areas, deserts, plains, mountains, rivers, lakes, Africa, Asia, Australia, China等。
5. 疑问代词和关系代词在英语中的用法。
6. 表示事情发生先后顺序等内在联系的介词、连系词或其他短语的释义。辩清听力句子和对话中所谈事情发生的先后顺序。
Unit 4
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 系动词be和其他动词的一般现在时态和一般过去时态。
2. 情态动词 will, would 等在英语中的用法。
3. 职称与头衔，人名、地名、公司名等专用名词，如： professor, archeologist等。
4. 描绘人物行为或表示人物动作的动词、形容词等。
5. 英语口语中疑问句的语音语调。
判断疑问句型可以通过疑问代词(who; what; when; where; how等)、助动词(do; have等)、情态动词 (can; may等)、语序（如：倒装语序）、语调（如：升调、降升调等）、语气以及上下文来决定。由于在快速口语中大量使用省略句型以及非正式的语体，对英语学员和考生来说，熟悉疑问句的语音语调、语气以及上下文关系是至关重要的。
Unit 5
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 表示建议或劝告的句型及其用法。
2. 日常生活中的休闲与娱乐活动及其场所，如：golf; bowling, cinema (movie, film), concert hall, pub, museum 等。
3. 有关音乐与艺术的常用单词和词组，如：wall painting, violin and violinist, wind instruments 等。
4. 了解英语国家主要节日的一些习俗，如：Christmas Eve dinner等。
5. 表示地点与场所的陈述句和倒装句型。
在英语中，为了强调地点与场所多半会使用倒装语序，考生应该特别注意句首表示地点的介词或介词词组以及随后作为主语的名词或名词词组。同时，通过关键词和词组对谈话场所(where)和有关谈话人身份(who)做出正确的判断。
Unit 6
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 动词完成时态的用法。
2. 表示请求或询问等功能的句型及其语法， 如：Forgive my asking you, but…? 等。
3. 情态动词 should 等的用法。
4. 课堂用语和教学用语。
5. 学生在使用教学设备或设施时的句型与用语， 如：switch to the Honors Section等。
6. 理清听力中人物或事物之间、人物与事物互相之间的关系。例如：
(1) 通过物主代词、名词所有格、定语从句、介词短语等表示的从属关系。
(2) 通过动词let; get; ask; make; have等来表示的“使（某人）干（某事）” 的“祈使”关系。
(3) 通过“be动词的变化形式+动词的过去分词”来表示的被动关系。
(4) 通过连词、介词或动词等来表示的因果关系。
Unit 7
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 关于职业和家庭生活的用语，如：airline pilot, a good certificate, nuclear/extended family等。
2. 办公室和文秘用语， 如：a six-week assignment, boss等。
3. 常用购物用语， 如：out of stock, on order, be sold at 20% off等。
4. 常用服装用语，如：slacks, shorts, floor-length skirt等。
5. 英语口语中用来表示疑问，征求意见，寻求确认等功能的句型及其语音和语调。例如：OK?
Right?
Wouldn’t you say?
Don’t you agree?
Don’t you think?
6. 英语口语中附加疑问句(tag question)的语音语调及其含义。
7. 英语口语对话中表示同意或确认的句型及其发音和含义。例如：Of course; By all means; Go ahead; Exactly; Certainly; Likely say; You said it. (=You can say that again!) 等等。
Unit 8
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 被动语态及其用法，如：is done; have been done等。
2. 现在进行时态， 如：is doing; is being done等。
3. 有关环境保护和生态平衡的科技用语，如：species, recycled paper, preserve the forests, pollution等。
4. 一些西方国家婚俗用语，如：bride, Wedding March, bouquet等。
5. 表示“忠告”(Advice)、“建议”(Suggestion)等语言交际功能的句型。
6. 表示“请求”(Request)、“提供”(Offer)等语言交际功能的句型。
7. 表示“邀请”(Invitation) “接受”(Acceptance)和“拒绝”(Refusal)等语言交际功能的句型。
8. 表示“准许”(Permission)、“认可”(Allowance)等语言交际功能的句型。
Unit 9
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列英语语言与听力技能：
1. 祈使句。
2. 表达赞同、支持或反对等功能的句型及其用法。
3. 广播电视、新闻报道等用语，如：a security/special announcement等。
4. 表示度量、价值的用语，如：be valued at 等。
5. 表示“希望”(Hope)、“意愿”(Willingness) 的基本句型。
6. 表示一种无法实现的愿望，通常用wish或if only引导。
7. 表示“假想条件”，实现的可能性很小，或者指同现在或过去事实相反情况的虚拟语气。
8. 以what 或how引导的感叹句等情感色彩浓厚的句型。
Unit 10
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 句型have something done (by somebody)。
2. 情态动词should, ought to等的用法。
3. 表示“存在”、“正在形成”的句型，如：There is; There has been; There seems to be等。
4. 表示“愿望、期望”等的句型，如：I wish; If only等。
5. 表示“不” “失望”等功能的句型及其用法。
6. 在英语口语中，通过涉及其他人或事物表示句子含意进一步引伸的句型，通常以neither, so等引导。
7. 在英语会话中，表示意义进一步引伸的句型，通常以besides; likewise; in addition; moreover; what’s more 等引导，也往往通过语调上的变化（如升调）来过渡，然后作进一步的说明或阐述。
Unit 11
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 表示同现在或过去状况相反的虚拟语气。
2. 表示“爱好”、“喜欢”、“感兴趣”、“偏爱”等功能的句型及其用法。
3. 各类日常体育运动的专用名词或词组， 如：badminton, hockey, figure skating等。
4. 运动会和奥运会的知识，如：torch relay等。
5. 英语口语中表示否定或否定含义的句型，包括全部否定、部分否定的各种表示方法：否定、比较否定、强调否定等。
6. 英语口语中表示否定或否定含义的单词或词组。
7. 表示否定含义的前缀或后缀，及其在句子和对话中的发音。
8. 通过双重否定来表示的肯定强调句式。
Unit 12
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 句子中谓语动词表示强调的用法。
2. 掌握后续分词、不定式的一些常用动词和动词词组，如：used to do, enjoy doing等。
3. 了解有关国家和地区的历史与文化背景，如：early settlers, American Indians, immigrants等。
4. 掌握有关成语或习惯用法。
5. Cause泛指事物的起因、缘故或原因。Effect泛指结果、后果或效果。Cause and Effect是指两者之间相辅相成的逻辑关系。
1) 英语口语中最常见有用连词等来表示的因果关系。使用比较频繁的连词有because; so; and; hence; thus; since; as; therefore; consequently; accordingly; for (the reason that) 等。
2）英语口语中用介词或介词短语等来表示的因果关系，如for; by; with; though; because of; thanks to; owing to; on account of; due to; as a result of等。
3) 用动词或动词组等来表示的因果关系，如cause; produce; result in; result from; bring about; give rise to; occur from; attribute (something) to; ascribe (something) to等。
4) 用动词的非谓语形式（不定式或分词）或者用that引导的原因状语分句来表示的因果关系。
5) 用上下文来表示的因果关系。
6) 用虚拟语气等结构来表示的因果关系。
Unit 13
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 表示请求及询问的用法，如：Excuse me, but…? What about…?等。
2. 关于计算机、软件的词汇和词组，如：palm-tops, portable computer, Word, Excel, IBM等。
3. 关于网络信息和信息技术的词汇和词组， 如：email, download, Internet, information age, IT 等。
4. 了解有关国家和地区的背景知识。
5. 表示人物或事物之间相等比较的句型。
6. 表示人物或事物之间不相等比较的句型。
7. 表示人物、事物或行为之间的对照或对比。常用的连词有how; however; nevertheless; though; although; or rather; in fact; actually; to be exact; on the other hand; on the contrary; in contrast; the more..., the more..., used to..., but (not)...
Unit 14
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 动词的 –ing 形式， 如：go shopping; go camping 等。
2. 表示“允许”、“准许”等功能的句型及其用法。
3. 有关交通、住宿、询问查路等表达。
4. 有关旅游景点，文化遗产等的描述。
5. 含有always; ever; only 等副词或形容词的强调句型及其含义。
6. 含有nothing; nobody; never; no one等否定词或词组的强调句型及其含义。
7. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
8. 用比较句型来表示最高级的含义。句中往往含有起否定其余比较对象的单词或词级，如any other; the rest (of the class); no one; nothing; nobody等。
Unit 15
本单元要求学员主要掌握下列听力技能：
1. 表示“推荐”、“提醒”功能的句型及其用法，如：What does an expert recommend?等。
2. 人体各部位的名称及其他有关表达，如：stretch the arms等。
3. 疾病，卫生保健方面的用语，如：blood pressure, keep fit, feel dizzy, run a high fever等。
4. 在听力测试中，英语惯用语在口头表达中用得很多。惯用语的搭配往往是固定的，其含义必须从整体上去理解，而不是通过其中个别单词的意思去理解。因此，考生应该将惯用语视为新的陌生的词组来学习。在听力中，要特别注意惯用语连贯发音，如turn in; cut out; go over; head and shoulders above 等，进一步掌握下列听力基本技能：
1）以动词为中心的惯用语（即短语动词）在句子或对话中的发音及其含义。
2）以名词、形容词或介词为中心的惯用语在句子或对话中的发音及其含义。
III. 有关说明与实施要求
根据教育部的规定，高等教育自学考试为个人自学、社会助学和国家考试相结合的形式。这是我国高等教育和终身教育的一种重要形式。为了帮助学员和有关单位更好地了解本课程的要求，现就本课程的学习和考核问题做如下的说明：
一、指定教材与主要参考书目
1. 指定教材：
上海市英语口译基础能力证书考试《基础听力教程》（第二版） 齐伟钧，孙万彪 主编，上海外语教育出版社，2012年10月第一版
2. 参考书目：
上海外语口译证书培训与考试系列丛书
二、关于自学方法的指导
考生在自学过程中应该注意以下几个方面的问题：
1. 使用本课程考试大纲指定的学习教材和学习参考书。
2. 理解和掌握并熟练运用听力常用的英语词汇、术语和句型。
3. 了解和掌握并熟练应用听力技能。
4. 反复朗读课文，加深对课文的理解。
5. 认真、经常并不间断地进行课后操练。
6. 学会使用词典，相关工具书及网络，加深对各类词的理解。
7. 不断扩大“活跃”词汇，深入了解相关背景知识，扎实提高听力理解能力。
三、对社会助学的要求
1. 社会助学是高等教育自学考试的一个重要组成部分，社会助学者应根据本大纲所规定的考核内容和考核要求，认真钻研大纲指定的教材和学习参考书，理解和掌握教材的基本内容对自学者进行切实有效的辅导。同时，要帮助考生熟悉和掌握本大纲规定的知识点，提高他们在口译训练和口译过程中分析问题和解决问题的能力。
2. 鼓励自学者认真做好每篇课文中的练习题，并以课堂讲解的形式对练习中出现的错误进行分析，使学生们对一些基本词汇、术语和句型加深理解，透彻掌握。
3. 鼓励学生“举一反三”，以教材和参考书目为基础，不断提高自身的语言运用能力和口译技能。
四、关于命题与考试的若干规定：
1. 本课程考试命题的难易程度和范围均根据本大纲规定的范围和能力要求而定，命题人在命题时应尽可能照顾知识点的覆盖面。考试命题除基本的词汇、语法和句型外，还应包含一定比例的各领域基本知识和术语。
2. 本课程试卷的难度结构应合理安排，试卷中不同难易程度的试题分配比例为：容易的题目（识记）分值应占卷面的20%左右，较易的题目（领会）分值应占30%左右，较难的题目（简单运用）占30%左右，难题（综合运用）占20%左右。
3. 本课程试卷采用的题型包括：填空题、单句理解、短对话理解、短文或长对话理解。
4. 试卷分为四个部分，考试时间45分钟左右。本课程的考试形式为考生听录音进行书面答卷，考生可以做记录。听力按百分制计分，总分为100分，60分合格。
附录：题型举例
I. Listen to the following news and fill in the missing words. The news will be spoken TWICE. (1.5’X20 = 30%)
The human digestive system is __________ (1) bacteria — mostly good bacteria. These organisms help __________ (2) food so the body can use the nutrients. Scientists are ________ (3) the link between what kinds of bacteria live in our gut and what kinds of food we eat. Gary Wu from the University of Pennsylvania and other scientists did two studies. Mr. Wu says the studies __________ (4) connections between the food that people ate and the kind of microbes living in their intestines. He says people with one kind of diet had __________ (5) bacteria than people who ate a different diet. In the second study, __________ (6) took part in a so-called controlled feeding experiment. They had to change their normal diet. Yet their digestive bacteria __________ (7) much the same. This suggests that the mix of bacteria is __________ (8) long-term dietary patterns, not what people ate in recent days. Gary Wu thinks testing people’s mix of intestinal bacteria might be __________ (9) to measure their disease risk than asking about their diet. He says intestinal bacteria might even __________ (10) in the development of disease. If so, this could lead scientists to new ways to help __________ (11) diseases. It means that if you could switch the types of bacteria in your gut, perhaps you could __________ (12) the development of certain types of diseases — perhaps the types of diseases __________ (13) western or more industrialized nations. That’s a little bit more speculative, but that’s something that is certainly very much of __________ (14) in the field.
The two studies are in the journal
Science. The research may __________ (15) understanding of how diet affects health. Another recent study involving diet warned that obesity is _______ (16) worldwide, but especially in the United States and Britain. The findings appeared in the Lancet medical journal. Worldwide, experts say 1.5 billion adults __________ (17). Another half-billion are obese. At current rates, about half of all American adults could be obese by 2030. In Britain, obesity rates could reach __________ (18) for men and 43% for women. Experts say the rise in obesity is likely to __________ (19) an increase in cases of diabetes, heart disease, cancer and other conditions. Obesity is also __________ (20) among children.
II. You will hear 10 statements and decide which one is closest in meaning to the sentence you have heard. The statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE.
(2’X10 = 20%)
1. A. Lora stopped talking to us.
B. We kept talking to Lora to congratulate her.
C. Lora kept talking to us because she was excited.
D. We had to keep silent because Lora was excited.
2. A. It’s impossible for us to know the answer now.
B. John is here now, yet he doesn’t know the answer.
C. We wish John weren’t here now.
D. John refused to tell the answer.
3. A. My teacher in college was run over yesterday.
B. I ran after Mr. Former in college.
C. I met the one who used to my teacher in college by accident yesterday.
D. My teacher ran to me in college yesterday.
4. A. I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
B. Frankly, I agree with you very much.
C. I wonder if you agree with me.
D. I regret to tell you I disagree with you.
5. A. Where was my father last night?
B. My father didn’t tell me who had come last night.
C. I am not sure whether I should go.
D. Where I had been remained unknown to my father.
6. A. It’s going to be very cold tomorrow.
B. We can freeze the food tomorrow as the weather has said.
C. The weatherman said it’s going to be warm tomorrow.
D. The scarf will be available to the weatherman tomorrow because it’s cold.
7. A. The man is lucky enough to win a new digital camera.
B. It’s the time for the man to run home to repair the digital camera.
C. The man has not used up his money and he can afford the digital camera.
D. The digital camera is under warranty and it will be free to fix.
8. A. The speaker got a 10% of discount of the dinner.
B. The waiter was tipped 5 dollars.
C. The dinner cost the speaker too much and he refused to tip the waiter.
D. The speaker paid 60 dollars in all for the dinner.
9. A. The speaker overslept this morning and he was late.
B. The speaker came out of his flat too late.
C. On the road, the tyre got a puncture and the air let out.
D. The speaker was held in the traffic jam.
10. A. The speaker is good at driving and he caught the train at last.
B. The railway station is quite near and the speaker reached there on time.
C. The speaker took a route which shortens the distance.
D. The speaker was cut, so someone else drove him to the railway station.
III. You will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers and decide which
one is the best answer. The short conversations will be spoken ONLY ONCE.
(2’X10 = 20%)
1. A. 60 cents.
B. 1 dollar.
C. 1.2 dollars.
D. 1.6 dollars.
2. A. He thinks they should wait until the rain stops.
B. He should bring a case.
C. He agrees to set off now.
D. It’s raining and they should get the raincoat.
3. A. 7:15
B. 7:30
C. 7:45
D. 8:15
4. A. The new house he’ll buy is far away from the sea.
B. He can’t afford to buy a new house on the seaside.
C. He is talking nonsense about buying a house.
D. He hasn’t decided where to buy the new house.
5. A. Doctor and patient.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Manager and clerk.
D. Salesman and customer.
6. A. A teacher.
B. A policeman.
C. A customs officer.
D. A pilot.
7. A. At a zoo.
B. In a pub.
C. In a sports field.
D. In a car.
8. A. Denmark is such a distant country.
B. The trip to Denmark cost too much.
C. Denmark is absolutely wonderful.
D. His decision to Denmark turned out to be wrong.
9. A. A brave person.
B. A movie.
C. A boxing match.
D. A crime.
10. A. Adam’s landlady is ill.
B. Adam is dressed in blue.
C. Adam’s landlady is playing magic.
D. Adam looks very angry.
IV. You will hear 3 passages or longer conversations. The first passage or conversation will be followed by 5 questions and decide which one is the best answer. The second and third passages or conversations will be followed by 5 statements respectively and tell the statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). The passages and longer conversations will be spoken ONLY ONCE. (2’X15 = 30%)
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation:
1. _____ worked in the East Hotel as a waiter and earned a lot.
A. Danny
B. Sally
C. Sally’s friend
D. Danny’s sister
2. What does Danny think of the job at the boy’s camp?
A. It’s lowly-paid.
B. Though the pay is low, he can get some tips.
C. It’s not as interesting as cutting grass.
D. It’s boring.
3. From the conversation, we know Danny _____.
A. worked at the East Hotel last summer
B. is a college student
C. prefers to cut grass
D. studies in high school
4. How long does it take Dick to cut somebody’s grass?
A. 14 minutes
B. An hour
C. Five hours
D. All the afternoon
5. What job might Danny most possibly choose during vacation?
A. Working at the boy’s camp.
B. Working in the East Hotel.
C. Cutting grass.
D. Working for a road-building company.
Statements 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
_____ 6. The native people in America were called ‘Indians” because they were dark-skinned.
_____ 7. Christopher Columbus reached the new continent—America in 1429.
_____ 8. For the Indians, the land was valuable and for everyone.
_____ 9. The Indians lost the fight against the White Man and moved to “reservations”.
_____ 10. At first, the Indians were not afraid of white settlers and wanted to help them.
Statements 11 to 15 are based on the following conversation:
_____ 11. From the conversation, the first speaker is a passer-by.
_____ 12. Mrs. Evans was assaulted by someone in the darkness.
_____ 13. Mrs. Evans couldn’t give a clear description of the man because she had a poor memory.
_____ 14. According to Mrs. Evans description, the man has long hair to the shoulders.
_____ 15. Mrs. Evans’ purse contains 20 dollars, family pictures, her husband’s driving licence and her credit cards.