2013年10月全国自学考试00795综合英语(二)试题
全国2013年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题
课程代码：00795
I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)
1. Frankly speaking, I’d rather you ______ in this confidential case.
A. were not involved B. are not involved
C. will not be involved D. would not be involved
2. My teacher lent me a book yesterday. It was exactly ______ I needed to finish my paper.
A. one which B. one that
C. that one D. the one
3. All flights ______ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A. were canceled B. have been canceled
C. had been canceled D. having been canceled
4. The Internet makes ______ possible for people to follow the latest news from around the world easily.
A. what B. that
C. it D. this
5. You ______ about your math exam result. You have got the highest score in our class.
A. mustn’t have worried B. needn’t have worried
C. haven’t needed to worry D. didn’t need to worry
6. At 0-0 with one minute ______, England got a penalty against Germany in the final match.
A. to go B. go
C. going D. gone
7. It was very ______ of you to send me a greeting card on my tenth wedding anniversary.
A. considering B. considerable
C. considered D. considerate
8. The salesman took the customer for a drive in the latest model of the car in order to ______its improved features.
A. advertise B. demonstrate
C. expose D. release
9. Being extremely ______ to the cold, I do not like skiing.
A. sensitive B. sensible
C. insensitive D. senseless
10. In the hot sun the surface of the road seems wet, but that is only an ______.
A. allusion B. illusion
C. expectation D. exception
11. The dishonest man was made general manager of the company. The appointment has caused much ______.
A. enthusiasm B. consequence
C. controversy D. difference
12. You cannot ______ by her appearance that she is already over seventy.
A. say B. speak
C. tell D. talk
13. I had met with him to explain the format of the programme and what we had in ______.
A. mind B. head
C. heart D. thought
14. Though certain areas of the city suffer from a high crime rate, the centre is ______safe for tourists.
A. particularly B. relatively
C. specially D. uniquely
15. He didn’t pass the entrance exam, and this was a ______ disappointment to his mother.
A. heavy B. slight
C. bitter D. minor
Ⅱ. CLOZE
Fill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with. the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)
The pollution level of the earth is increasing day by day. The governments of many countries around the world are spreading this 16 to encourage their citizens to control pollution and take environmentally friendly measures to lessen the 17 already caused. It is true that even 18 gestures of going green are making a huge difference.
Green cleaning is one such eco-friendly way of showing that one really . 19 the future of the earth. Most of the bottled cleaning powders and solutions used in our daily lives contain harmful chemicals. A number of them 20 dangerous organic compounds which are unsafe for both human beings and the natural 21 . But green cleaning promotes the use of only those cleaning ingredients that are safe for the environment.
This technique of cleaning is gaining popularity fast as it is absolutely harmless for human health and also does not upset the 22 of the environment. It can also show the way industrial and domestic cleaning products are produced, packaged and 23 . If the cleaning products are manufactured in an eco-friendly 24 and are packed into bio-degradable packages, they may be labeled 25 “green” products.
This concept of cleaning is not entirely new in many households. The older 26 have been using it for ages. Materials like vinegar, baking soda, and lemons have been used by our great grandmothers and grandmothers 27 they were easily available and cheaper. These natural products are again being used but now for a different 28 —a greener lifestyle.
It is 29 to know just how many chemical pollutants are used unknowingly in almost all homes every day. 30 a little awareness may help to produce a sea of difference. By adopting the simple green cleaning practices in our daily lives, we can do our part for Mother Nature.
16. A. awareness B. comment C. notice D. attention
17. A. pain B. hurt C. disaster D. damage
18. A. quick B. practical C. small D. dramatic
19. A. learns about B. bothers with C. cares about D. deals with
20. A. absorb B. extract C. form D. release
21. A. material B. cycle C. resources D. setting
22. A. order B. balance C. safety D. quality
23. A. spread B. controlled C. transferred D. displayed
24. A. process B. promotion C. progress D. programme
25. A. with B. for C. as D. like
26. A. communities B. generations C. families D. societies
27. A. if B. although C. while D. because
28. A. duration B. motive C. degree D. feeling
29. A. natural B. astonishing C. strange D. exciting
30. A. But B. Moreover C. Instead D. Thus
III. PARAPHRASING
Choose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)
31. It [the first week’s payment] represented a week of very hard work—so hard that it might have been described as slavery if it hadn’t been for its aim and end.
A. …the aim of this slave-driving work was hard to describe.
B. …the extremely hard work made it unacceptable for any payment.
C. …but for the pay, I wouldn’t have been able to do such heavy work.
D. …if it hadn’t been for the high pay, I wouldn’t have accepted such heavy work.
32. He stared at her a brief moment, seeing the fear in her face, but also a loathing for all men involving in the making and dispatch of nuclear weapons.
A. ...but also worry about those who were threatened by the coming nuclear weapons.
B. …but also a look of strong hatred for those who produced and launched nuclear weapons.
C. …but also concern for those who were risking their own lives in nuclear weapon research.
D. …but also trust in those who were using nuclear weapons to fight against the intruding enemies.
33. Does it pay to make sacrifices for children?
A. Can parents afford so much to bring up children?
B. Is it worthwhile to give up so much for children?
C. Is it necessary to do such a great deal for children?
D. Can parents get a lot of money in return from their children?
34. I resolved then that the wolf of poverty should be driven from our door in the future.
A. I was determined that our family would not suffer from poverty in the future.
B. I made up my mind to force the ruthless animal out of our house some day.
C. I realized that the wolf would never come to our house in the future.
D. I was aware of the fact that we had to face poverty some day.
35. We must prepare to purify ourselves...to rise above this “mine” thinking and be as God’s own son, who said, “love thy neighbor.”
A. We must prepare to make sacrifices and get rid of our evil ideas...
B. We must prepare to control ourselves and avoid unrealistic thinking...
C. We must get rid of our selfishness and be concerned about other people’s safety...
D. We must get ready to face various difficulties and conquer them with great effort...
36. But he perceived that his miracle had miscarried, and with that a great disgust of miracles came upon him.
A. But he admitted that his miracle had ruined his reputation...
B. But he saw that his miracle had worked in the wrong place...
C. But he accepted the fact that he had failed in performing wonders...
D. But he realized that his miracle had brought about result he had never intended...
37. Food was short; his vegetable garden became less a hobby than a necessity.
A. …he was forced by hard life to give up his hobby.
B. …he considered it most necessary to keep his hobby.
C. …he was interested in growing vegetables in the garden.
D. …he grew vegetables in the garden mainly for food supply.
38. It was enough to make anyone say “Hullo!” The incredible was visible to them all.
A. The trick in the performance was obvious to the audience.,
B. What happened confused the person who had said “Hullo.”
C. Everyone was not so much surprised at what had happened.
D. The miracle occurred fight before the eyes of everyone present.
39. Seeing me having a good time in repose, she was powerless to hide her disgust.
A. Whenever she tried to stop me from doing what I liked, she failed.
B. Whenever I showed a particular interest in something, she tried to stop me.
C. When she found me enjoying doing nothing, she could not control her anger.
D. When she realized that I had too much free time, she showed her disapproval.
40. Nothing more was said about it immediately, but a new idea had taken life in her mind.
A. …but it had taken her whole life to form a new idea.
B. …but her mind began to work busily for new ideas.
C. …but a new idea had changed her outlook on life.
D. …but a new idea had occurred to her.
IV. READING COMPREHENSION
Read the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)
Passage One
Having been sitting out in his back yard in the snow for about an hour, Bobby was getting cold. Bobby didn’t wear boots; he didn’t like them and anyway he didn’t own any. The thin sneakers he wore had a few holes in them and they did a poor job of keeping out the cold. Try as he might, he could not come up with an idea for his mother’s Christmas gift. He shook his head as he thought, “This is useless, even if I do have an idea, I don’t have any money to spend.” Ever since his father had passed away three years before, the family of five had struggled. His mother worked nights at the hospital, but the small wage that she was earning could only be stretched so far.
What the family lacked in money and material things was more than made up for in love and family unity. Three of his sisters had already made beautiful gifts for their mother. Here it was Christmas Eve already, and he had nothing. Wiping tears from his eyes, Bobby started to walk down to the street where the shops and stores were.
It wasn’t easy being six without a father, especially when he needed a man to talk to. Bobby walked from shop to shop, looking into each decorated window. Everything seemed so beautiful and so out of reach. Suddenly his eyes caught the glimmer of the setting sun’s rays reflecting off on something along the curb. He reached down and picked up a shiny dime. Never before had anyone felt so wealthy as Bobby did at that moment. Warmth spread throughout his entire body and he walked into the first store he saw. His excitement quickly turned cold when the salesperson told him that he couldn’t buy anything with only a dime. He noticed a flower shop and went inside to wait in line. When the shop owner asked if he could help him, Bobby presented the dime and asked if he could buy one flower for his mother. The shop owner put his hand on Bobby’s shoulder and said to him, “You just wait here and I’ll see what I can do for you.”
When the shop owner came out and moved to the counter, Bobby saw in his hand twelve long-stemmed red roses, with green leaves and tiny white flowers all tied together with a big silver bow. Bobby’s heart sank as the owner placed them neatly into a long white box. “That will be ten cents, young man,” the shop owner said. Slowly, Bobby gave the man his dime. Could this be true? No one else would give him a thing for his dime! Sensing the boy’s reluctance, the shop owner added, “I just happened to have some roses on sale for ten cents a dozen. Would you like them?” This time Bobby did not hesitate, and took the long box from the man. Walking out of the door that the owner was holding open for him, Bobby heard the shopkeeper say, “Merry Christmas, son.”
As he returned inside, the shopkeeper’s wife walked out. “Who were you talking to back there and where are the roses you were fixing?” Staring out of the window, and blinking the tears from his own eyes, he replied, “When the little boy came into the shop and wanted to buy a flower for his mother with that small dime, I saw myself, many years ago. I too, was a poor boy with nothing to buy my mother a Christmas gift. A bearded man, whom I never knew, stopped me on the street and told me that he wanted to give me ten dollars ...” The shop owner and his wife hugged each other tightly, and as they stepped out into the bitter cold air, they somehow didn’t feel the cold at all.
41. Why did the six-year-old boy Bobby feel so upset on Christmas Eve?
A. He had no father to take care of him.
B. His mother could not buy boots for him.
C. The family was suffering from poverty in spite of the mother’s hard work.
D. All of the children in the family but him had Christmas gifts for their mother.
42. The dime Bobby found on the street could be best described as ______.
A. a great treasure B. a Christmas gift
C. fresh air D. bright light
43. Why did the boy hesitate when he paid for the roses?
A. He was reluctant to spend the only dime he had.
B. He could not understand the shopkeeper’s words.
C. He could not believe the roses were fixed for him.
D. He was not sure if roses were the best Christmas gift.
44. Which of the following statements is true about the story?
A. Seeing the twelve roses, Bobby was excited and eager to get them.
B. Christmas sale was given in memory of that unknown bearded man.
C. With deep sympathy for the boy, the shopkeeper didn’t take his money.
D. The shopkeeper mentioned the rose sale to put the boy completely at ease.
45. Which of the following might be the best title for the story?
A. Value of Roses B. Love—Passed on
C. Home Is the Best D. No Pains, No Gains
Passage Two
Could Google, the world’s largest search engine, be causing our memory banks to be weak? Maybe, say four Columbia University researchers, who believe Google’s instant search mechanics could be training our brains to get rid of information we’re sure of quickly finding again with a few taps on a keyboard.
Times certainly have changed. I can still remember having to memorize stuff back in grade school like linking verbs—“is, am, are, was, were, have, has, had, etc.”—as if reciting a ritual chant, or the precise sequence of northeastern states, left to fight, top to bottom. Nowadays, I just look up Google Maps if I can’t remember whether it’s Vermont before New Hampshire, or whether to answer “this is he” or “this is him” when someone asks for me on the phone.
But we’ve heard this tune before, right? I’m looking at a book on my shelf, The Shallows, by author Nicholas Carr, whose article “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” set off all kinds of cultural and scientific discussions in 2008. The Shallows elaborated on points in that article and brought in actual neurological research to support Carr’s thesis that the Internet may be dramatically rewiring our brains.
And with the Columbia research, the evidence that something’s up is growing. In the study, titled “Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at Our Fingertips,” the Columbia University researchers claim that when we’re sure of access to information in the future, our ability to summon that information from memory drops. Conversely, our ability to recall how to access the information goes up. Thus, the researchers argue, “The Internet has become a primary form of external memory, where information is stored collectively outside ourselves.”
According to Betsy Sparrow, the study’s lead, “Since the coming of search engines, we are reorganizing the way we remember things. Our brains rely on the Internet for memory in much the same way they rely on the memory of a friend, family member or co-worker. We remember less through knowing information itself than by knowing where the information can be found.”
Is Google really wrecking our memory? The answer is “it depends.” The Columbia University report doesn’t offer evidence of actual memory diminishing. Instead, the suggestion is that, influenced by Internet and search engine use, our memories are switching job hats and becoming more external. Instead of remembering “ends,” we’re remembering “means.” Search engines like Google are simply becoming extensions of our brains, sort of like wireless electronic devices.
And it’s not unacceptable to consider ways in which such a memory shift might actually benefit us. “Perhaps those who teach in any context, be they college professors, doctors or business leaders, will become increasingly focused on teaching greater understanding of ideas and ways of thinking, and less focused on memorization,” suggests Sparrow.
Would that be such a bad thing? After all, I’ve always thought the popular notion that memorizing precisely where something is on a map as a sign of “intelligence” was pretty dumb. I’d rather have an accurate working knowledge of the details that separate, say, Shia from Sunni, the two main branches of Islam, than how to point at random to Turkey or Brazil on a globe.
46. The result of the Columbia University research is that ______.
A. search engines may weaken our memory
B. the way we remember things may be changed
C. our memory may rely heavily on external information
D. search engines may extend our memory of information
47. The phrase “job hats” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. the original memory banks B. the roles of search engines
C. the abilities to deal with information D. the ways of remembering information
48. Which of the following could be an example of the “means” (Para. 6) we rely on?
A. Memory of colleagues.
B. Knowledge about Shia and Sunni.
C. Location of Vermont and New Hampshire.
D. Positions of different countries on the globe.
49. According to the Columbia study, what may happen when we have easy access to information?
A. Our external memory begins to fail.
B. Our actual memory begins to diminish.
C. We are likely to remember the means of getting that information.
D. We are likely to store that information permanently in our memory.
50. The writer believes Google may benefit us because we can ______.
A. improve our intelligence and knowledge B. develop our understanding and thinking
C. memorize things precisely D. reorganize our brains
V. WORD DERIVATION
Complete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one(s) given in brackets. Write your word on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)
51. He has the ability to dismiss embarrassment in a few ______ remarks. (humor)
52. It was ______ of him to have broken a vase while he was shopping in the supermarket. (care)
53. All these issues have been ______ researched into in recent years. (extensive)
54. These pictures are too small. The photographer has to ______ them. (large)
55. When the mother saw her daughter suffering, she felt a sense of ______. (helpless)
56. The couple made a stylish ______ for their honeymoon, riding off into the dark on horseback. (depart)
57. Old buses are major ______ to air pollution in this city. (contribute)
58. What may seem helpful advice to you can be interpreted as ______ by others. (interfere)
59. From a careful study of the ______ made by a criminal, the police can tell the height and weight of the person. (foot, print)
60. Humans, like other animals, ______ with each other through communicative behavior by means of signs or symbols. (act)
VI. SENTENCE TRANSLATION
Translate the following sentences into English and write your sentences on the answer sheet. (3 points each, 15 points in all)
61．在儿童节时，孩子们兴高采烈，一上午又唱又跳。
62．我深切地同情在事故中受伤的人们。
63．苹果手机(iPhone)问世以来吸引了不同年龄的用户。
64．救援队决心勇敢地面对最危险的情况。
65．友谊要求我们不断地调整自己以适应他人的需要。
VII. WRITING
Write a composition on the answer sheet in about 150 words, basing yourself on one of the texts you have learned. (15 points)
TOPIC: What do you think of Emily as a wife, mother and homemaker in the text “First Principles”? Use the following outline.
·State what you think of Emily.
·Give examples to support your points.
·Draw a conclusion.
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课程代码：00795
I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)
1. Frankly speaking, I’d rather you ______ in this confidential case.
A. were not involved B. are not involved
C. will not be involved D. would not be involved
2. My teacher lent me a book yesterday. It was exactly ______ I needed to finish my paper.
A. one which B. one that
C. that one D. the one
3. All flights ______ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A. were canceled B. have been canceled
C. had been canceled D. having been canceled
4. The Internet makes ______ possible for people to follow the latest news from around the world easily.
A. what B. that
C. it D. this
5. You ______ about your math exam result. You have got the highest score in our class.
A. mustn’t have worried B. needn’t have worried
C. haven’t needed to worry D. didn’t need to worry
6. At 0-0 with one minute ______, England got a penalty against Germany in the final match.
A. to go B. go
C. going D. gone
7. It was very ______ of you to send me a greeting card on my tenth wedding anniversary.
A. considering B. considerable
C. considered D. considerate
8. The salesman took the customer for a drive in the latest model of the car in order to ______its improved features.
A. advertise B. demonstrate
C. expose D. release
9. Being extremely ______ to the cold, I do not like skiing.
A. sensitive B. sensible
C. insensitive D. senseless
10. In the hot sun the surface of the road seems wet, but that is only an ______.
A. allusion B. illusion
C. expectation D. exception
11. The dishonest man was made general manager of the company. The appointment has caused much ______.
A. enthusiasm B. consequence
C. controversy D. difference
12. You cannot ______ by her appearance that she is already over seventy.
A. say B. speak
C. tell D. talk
13. I had met with him to explain the format of the programme and what we had in ______.
A. mind B. head
C. heart D. thought
14. Though certain areas of the city suffer from a high crime rate, the centre is ______safe for tourists.
A. particularly B. relatively
C. specially D. uniquely
15. He didn’t pass the entrance exam, and this was a ______ disappointment to his mother.
A. heavy B. slight
C. bitter D. minor
Ⅱ. CLOZE
Fill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with. the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)
The pollution level of the earth is increasing day by day. The governments of many countries around the world are spreading this 16 to encourage their citizens to control pollution and take environmentally friendly measures to lessen the 17 already caused. It is true that even 18 gestures of going green are making a huge difference.
Green cleaning is one such eco-friendly way of showing that one really . 19 the future of the earth. Most of the bottled cleaning powders and solutions used in our daily lives contain harmful chemicals. A number of them 20 dangerous organic compounds which are unsafe for both human beings and the natural 21 . But green cleaning promotes the use of only those cleaning ingredients that are safe for the environment.
This technique of cleaning is gaining popularity fast as it is absolutely harmless for human health and also does not upset the 22 of the environment. It can also show the way industrial and domestic cleaning products are produced, packaged and 23 . If the cleaning products are manufactured in an eco-friendly 24 and are packed into bio-degradable packages, they may be labeled 25 “green” products.
This concept of cleaning is not entirely new in many households. The older 26 have been using it for ages. Materials like vinegar, baking soda, and lemons have been used by our great grandmothers and grandmothers 27 they were easily available and cheaper. These natural products are again being used but now for a different 28 —a greener lifestyle.
It is 29 to know just how many chemical pollutants are used unknowingly in almost all homes every day. 30 a little awareness may help to produce a sea of difference. By adopting the simple green cleaning practices in our daily lives, we can do our part for Mother Nature.
16. A. awareness B. comment C. notice D. attention
17. A. pain B. hurt C. disaster D. damage
18. A. quick B. practical C. small D. dramatic
19. A. learns about B. bothers with C. cares about D. deals with
20. A. absorb B. extract C. form D. release
21. A. material B. cycle C. resources D. setting
22. A. order B. balance C. safety D. quality
23. A. spread B. controlled C. transferred D. displayed
24. A. process B. promotion C. progress D. programme
25. A. with B. for C. as D. like
26. A. communities B. generations C. families D. societies
27. A. if B. although C. while D. because
28. A. duration B. motive C. degree D. feeling
29. A. natural B. astonishing C. strange D. exciting
30. A. But B. Moreover C. Instead D. Thus
III. PARAPHRASING
Choose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)
31. It [the first week’s payment] represented a week of very hard work—so hard that it might have been described as slavery if it hadn’t been for its aim and end.
A. …the aim of this slave-driving work was hard to describe.
B. …the extremely hard work made it unacceptable for any payment.
C. …but for the pay, I wouldn’t have been able to do such heavy work.
D. …if it hadn’t been for the high pay, I wouldn’t have accepted such heavy work.
32. He stared at her a brief moment, seeing the fear in her face, but also a loathing for all men involving in the making and dispatch of nuclear weapons.
A. ...but also worry about those who were threatened by the coming nuclear weapons.
B. …but also a look of strong hatred for those who produced and launched nuclear weapons.
C. …but also concern for those who were risking their own lives in nuclear weapon research.
D. …but also trust in those who were using nuclear weapons to fight against the intruding enemies.
33. Does it pay to make sacrifices for children?
A. Can parents afford so much to bring up children?
B. Is it worthwhile to give up so much for children?
C. Is it necessary to do such a great deal for children?
D. Can parents get a lot of money in return from their children?
34. I resolved then that the wolf of poverty should be driven from our door in the future.
A. I was determined that our family would not suffer from poverty in the future.
B. I made up my mind to force the ruthless animal out of our house some day.
C. I realized that the wolf would never come to our house in the future.
D. I was aware of the fact that we had to face poverty some day.
35. We must prepare to purify ourselves...to rise above this “mine” thinking and be as God’s own son, who said, “love thy neighbor.”
A. We must prepare to make sacrifices and get rid of our evil ideas...
B. We must prepare to control ourselves and avoid unrealistic thinking...
C. We must get rid of our selfishness and be concerned about other people’s safety...
D. We must get ready to face various difficulties and conquer them with great effort...
36. But he perceived that his miracle had miscarried, and with that a great disgust of miracles came upon him.
A. But he admitted that his miracle had ruined his reputation...
B. But he saw that his miracle had worked in the wrong place...
C. But he accepted the fact that he had failed in performing wonders...
D. But he realized that his miracle had brought about result he had never intended...
37. Food was short; his vegetable garden became less a hobby than a necessity.
A. …he was forced by hard life to give up his hobby.
B. …he considered it most necessary to keep his hobby.
C. …he was interested in growing vegetables in the garden.
D. …he grew vegetables in the garden mainly for food supply.
38. It was enough to make anyone say “Hullo!” The incredible was visible to them all.
A. The trick in the performance was obvious to the audience.,
B. What happened confused the person who had said “Hullo.”
C. Everyone was not so much surprised at what had happened.
D. The miracle occurred fight before the eyes of everyone present.
39. Seeing me having a good time in repose, she was powerless to hide her disgust.
A. Whenever she tried to stop me from doing what I liked, she failed.
B. Whenever I showed a particular interest in something, she tried to stop me.
C. When she found me enjoying doing nothing, she could not control her anger.
D. When she realized that I had too much free time, she showed her disapproval.
40. Nothing more was said about it immediately, but a new idea had taken life in her mind.
A. …but it had taken her whole life to form a new idea.
B. …but her mind began to work busily for new ideas.
C. …but a new idea had changed her outlook on life.
D. …but a new idea had occurred to her.
IV. READING COMPREHENSION
Read the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)
Passage One
Having been sitting out in his back yard in the snow for about an hour, Bobby was getting cold. Bobby didn’t wear boots; he didn’t like them and anyway he didn’t own any. The thin sneakers he wore had a few holes in them and they did a poor job of keeping out the cold. Try as he might, he could not come up with an idea for his mother’s Christmas gift. He shook his head as he thought, “This is useless, even if I do have an idea, I don’t have any money to spend.” Ever since his father had passed away three years before, the family of five had struggled. His mother worked nights at the hospital, but the small wage that she was earning could only be stretched so far.
What the family lacked in money and material things was more than made up for in love and family unity. Three of his sisters had already made beautiful gifts for their mother. Here it was Christmas Eve already, and he had nothing. Wiping tears from his eyes, Bobby started to walk down to the street where the shops and stores were.
It wasn’t easy being six without a father, especially when he needed a man to talk to. Bobby walked from shop to shop, looking into each decorated window. Everything seemed so beautiful and so out of reach. Suddenly his eyes caught the glimmer of the setting sun’s rays reflecting off on something along the curb. He reached down and picked up a shiny dime. Never before had anyone felt so wealthy as Bobby did at that moment. Warmth spread throughout his entire body and he walked into the first store he saw. His excitement quickly turned cold when the salesperson told him that he couldn’t buy anything with only a dime. He noticed a flower shop and went inside to wait in line. When the shop owner asked if he could help him, Bobby presented the dime and asked if he could buy one flower for his mother. The shop owner put his hand on Bobby’s shoulder and said to him, “You just wait here and I’ll see what I can do for you.”
When the shop owner came out and moved to the counter, Bobby saw in his hand twelve long-stemmed red roses, with green leaves and tiny white flowers all tied together with a big silver bow. Bobby’s heart sank as the owner placed them neatly into a long white box. “That will be ten cents, young man,” the shop owner said. Slowly, Bobby gave the man his dime. Could this be true? No one else would give him a thing for his dime! Sensing the boy’s reluctance, the shop owner added, “I just happened to have some roses on sale for ten cents a dozen. Would you like them?” This time Bobby did not hesitate, and took the long box from the man. Walking out of the door that the owner was holding open for him, Bobby heard the shopkeeper say, “Merry Christmas, son.”
As he returned inside, the shopkeeper’s wife walked out. “Who were you talking to back there and where are the roses you were fixing?” Staring out of the window, and blinking the tears from his own eyes, he replied, “When the little boy came into the shop and wanted to buy a flower for his mother with that small dime, I saw myself, many years ago. I too, was a poor boy with nothing to buy my mother a Christmas gift. A bearded man, whom I never knew, stopped me on the street and told me that he wanted to give me ten dollars ...” The shop owner and his wife hugged each other tightly, and as they stepped out into the bitter cold air, they somehow didn’t feel the cold at all.
41. Why did the six-year-old boy Bobby feel so upset on Christmas Eve?
A. He had no father to take care of him.
B. His mother could not buy boots for him.
C. The family was suffering from poverty in spite of the mother’s hard work.
D. All of the children in the family but him had Christmas gifts for their mother.
42. The dime Bobby found on the street could be best described as ______.
A. a great treasure B. a Christmas gift
C. fresh air D. bright light
43. Why did the boy hesitate when he paid for the roses?
A. He was reluctant to spend the only dime he had.
B. He could not understand the shopkeeper’s words.
C. He could not believe the roses were fixed for him.
D. He was not sure if roses were the best Christmas gift.
44. Which of the following statements is true about the story?
A. Seeing the twelve roses, Bobby was excited and eager to get them.
B. Christmas sale was given in memory of that unknown bearded man.
C. With deep sympathy for the boy, the shopkeeper didn’t take his money.
D. The shopkeeper mentioned the rose sale to put the boy completely at ease.
45. Which of the following might be the best title for the story?
A. Value of Roses B. Love—Passed on
C. Home Is the Best D. No Pains, No Gains
Passage Two
Could Google, the world’s largest search engine, be causing our memory banks to be weak? Maybe, say four Columbia University researchers, who believe Google’s instant search mechanics could be training our brains to get rid of information we’re sure of quickly finding again with a few taps on a keyboard.
Times certainly have changed. I can still remember having to memorize stuff back in grade school like linking verbs—“is, am, are, was, were, have, has, had, etc.”—as if reciting a ritual chant, or the precise sequence of northeastern states, left to fight, top to bottom. Nowadays, I just look up Google Maps if I can’t remember whether it’s Vermont before New Hampshire, or whether to answer “this is he” or “this is him” when someone asks for me on the phone.
But we’ve heard this tune before, right? I’m looking at a book on my shelf, The Shallows, by author Nicholas Carr, whose article “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” set off all kinds of cultural and scientific discussions in 2008. The Shallows elaborated on points in that article and brought in actual neurological research to support Carr’s thesis that the Internet may be dramatically rewiring our brains.
And with the Columbia research, the evidence that something’s up is growing. In the study, titled “Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at Our Fingertips,” the Columbia University researchers claim that when we’re sure of access to information in the future, our ability to summon that information from memory drops. Conversely, our ability to recall how to access the information goes up. Thus, the researchers argue, “The Internet has become a primary form of external memory, where information is stored collectively outside ourselves.”
According to Betsy Sparrow, the study’s lead, “Since the coming of search engines, we are reorganizing the way we remember things. Our brains rely on the Internet for memory in much the same way they rely on the memory of a friend, family member or co-worker. We remember less through knowing information itself than by knowing where the information can be found.”
Is Google really wrecking our memory? The answer is “it depends.” The Columbia University report doesn’t offer evidence of actual memory diminishing. Instead, the suggestion is that, influenced by Internet and search engine use, our memories are switching job hats and becoming more external. Instead of remembering “ends,” we’re remembering “means.” Search engines like Google are simply becoming extensions of our brains, sort of like wireless electronic devices.
And it’s not unacceptable to consider ways in which such a memory shift might actually benefit us. “Perhaps those who teach in any context, be they college professors, doctors or business leaders, will become increasingly focused on teaching greater understanding of ideas and ways of thinking, and less focused on memorization,” suggests Sparrow.
Would that be such a bad thing? After all, I’ve always thought the popular notion that memorizing precisely where something is on a map as a sign of “intelligence” was pretty dumb. I’d rather have an accurate working knowledge of the details that separate, say, Shia from Sunni, the two main branches of Islam, than how to point at random to Turkey or Brazil on a globe.
46. The result of the Columbia University research is that ______.
A. search engines may weaken our memory
B. the way we remember things may be changed
C. our memory may rely heavily on external information
D. search engines may extend our memory of information
47. The phrase “job hats” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. the original memory banks B. the roles of search engines
C. the abilities to deal with information D. the ways of remembering information
48. Which of the following could be an example of the “means” (Para. 6) we rely on?
A. Memory of colleagues.
B. Knowledge about Shia and Sunni.
C. Location of Vermont and New Hampshire.
D. Positions of different countries on the globe.
49. According to the Columbia study, what may happen when we have easy access to information?
A. Our external memory begins to fail.
B. Our actual memory begins to diminish.
C. We are likely to remember the means of getting that information.
D. We are likely to store that information permanently in our memory.
50. The writer believes Google may benefit us because we can ______.
A. improve our intelligence and knowledge B. develop our understanding and thinking
C. memorize things precisely D. reorganize our brains
V. WORD DERIVATION
Complete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one(s) given in brackets. Write your word on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)
51. He has the ability to dismiss embarrassment in a few ______ remarks. (humor)
52. It was ______ of him to have broken a vase while he was shopping in the supermarket. (care)
53. All these issues have been ______ researched into in recent years. (extensive)
54. These pictures are too small. The photographer has to ______ them. (large)
55. When the mother saw her daughter suffering, she felt a sense of ______. (helpless)
56. The couple made a stylish ______ for their honeymoon, riding off into the dark on horseback. (depart)
57. Old buses are major ______ to air pollution in this city. (contribute)
58. What may seem helpful advice to you can be interpreted as ______ by others. (interfere)
59. From a careful study of the ______ made by a criminal, the police can tell the height and weight of the person. (foot, print)
60. Humans, like other animals, ______ with each other through communicative behavior by means of signs or symbols. (act)
VI. SENTENCE TRANSLATION
Translate the following sentences into English and write your sentences on the answer sheet. (3 points each, 15 points in all)
61．在儿童节时，孩子们兴高采烈，一上午又唱又跳。
62．我深切地同情在事故中受伤的人们。
63．苹果手机(iPhone)问世以来吸引了不同年龄的用户。
64．救援队决心勇敢地面对最危险的情况。
65．友谊要求我们不断地调整自己以适应他人的需要。
VII. WRITING
Write a composition on the answer sheet in about 150 words, basing yourself on one of the texts you have learned. (15 points)
TOPIC: What do you think of Emily as a wife, mother and homemaker in the text “First Principles”? Use the following outline.
·State what you think of Emily.
·Give examples to support your points.
·Draw a conclusion.
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2013年10月全国自学考试00795综合英语(二)试题 |